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Whos Is a Born Again Christian?

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This article is near the Christian term. For other uses, run across Built-in Once more.

Evangelical Christian term

Built-in again, or to experience the new birth, is a phrase, peculiarly in evangelicalism, that refers to a "spiritual rebirth", or a regeneration of the human spirit. In dissimilarity to one's physical birth, existence "built-in again" is distinctly and separately caused by baptism in the Holy Spirit, it is not caused by baptism in water. It is a cadre doctrine of the denominations of the Methodist, Quaker, Baptist, and Pentecostal Churches along with all other evangelical Christian denominations. All of these Churches strongly believe Jesus' words in the Gospels: "Y'all must be born once more before you lot tin see, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven." Their doctrines also mandate that to be both "born once again" and "saved", 1 must take a personal and intimate human relationship with Jesus Christ.[1] [ii] [3] [iv] [5] [6]

In contemporary Christian usage and apart from evangelicalism, the term is distinct from similar terms which are sometimes used in Christianity in reference to a person who is existence or becoming a Christian. This usage of the term is usually linked to baptism with water and the related doctrine of baptismal regeneration. Individuals who profess to be "born again" (significant in the "Holy Spirit") often state that they have a "personal relationship with Jesus Christ".[7] [5] [half-dozen]

In addition to using this phrase with those who do non profess to exist Christians, some Evangelical Christians use the phrase and deliver those who vest to other Christian denominations or groups. This practice is based on the conventionalities that not-Evangelical Christians, even those Christians who are professed Christians, are non "born once again" and practice not have a "personal relationship with Jesus." They therefore believe that they should deliver to non-Evangelical Christians in the same way that they would evangelize to people who do not profess the Christian organized religion.

The phrase "born again" is besides used as an adjective to depict individual members of the motion who espouse this conventionalities, and it is also used equally an describing word to draw the movement itself ("built-in-again Christian" and the "born-once more movement").

Origin [edit]

Jesus and Nicodemus painting past Alexander Bida, 1874

The term is derived from an effect in the Gospel of John in which the words of Jesus were non understood by a Jewish pharisee, Nicodemus.

Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell you, no one can see the kingdom of God unless they are built-in again." "How tin someone exist born when they are old?" Nicodemus asked. "Surely they cannot enter a second fourth dimension into their female parent'due south womb to be born!" Jesus answered, "Very truly I tell you, no one can enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of h2o and the Spirit."

—Gospel of John, John affiliate 3, verses 3–5, NIV[8]

The Gospel of John was written in Koine Greek, and the original text is ambiguous which results in a double entendre that Nicodemus misunderstands. The word translated as over again is ἄνωθεν (ánōtʰen), which could mean either "again", or "from above".[9] The double entendre is a effigy of oral communication that the gospel writer uses to create cliffhanger or misunderstanding in the hearer; the misunderstanding is then clarified past either Jesus or the narrator. Nicodemus takes but the literal pregnant from Jesus's statement, while Jesus clarifies that he means more than of a spiritual rebirth from above. English translations have to pick ane sense of the phrase or another; the NIV, King James Version, and Revised Version utilize "born again", while the New Revised Standard Version[10] and the New English Translation[11] prefer the "born from above" translation.[12] Most versions will note the alternative sense of the phrase anōthen in a footnote.

Edwyn Hoskyns argues that "born from higher up" is to be preferred as the central meaning and he drew attention to phrases such as "birth of the Spirit",[xiii] "birth from God",[14] but maintains that this necessarily carries with it an emphasis upon the newness of the life every bit given by God himself.[xv]

The final utilise of the phrase occurs in the First Epistle of Peter, rendered in the Rex James Version as:

Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned honey of the brethren, [see that ye] beloved one another with a pure heart fervently: / Beingness born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.

—1 Peter 1:22-23[16]

Here, the Greek word translated equally "built-in again" is ἀναγεγεννημένοι ( anagegennēménoi ).[17]

Interpretations [edit]

The traditional Jewish understanding of the promise of salvation is interpreted as being rooted in "the seed of Abraham"; that is, concrete lineage from Abraham. Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in error—that every person must have two births—natural nativity of the physical trunk and another of the h2o and the spirit.[18] This discourse with Nicodemus established the Christian belief that all human beings—whether Jew or Gentile—must exist "born once more" of the spiritual seed of Christ. The Apostle Peter further reinforced this understanding in 1 Peter 1:23.[19] [17] The Catholic Encyclopedia states that "[a] controversy existed in the archaic church over the estimation of the expression the seed of Abraham. Information technology is [the Apostle Paul's] instruction in 1 example that all who are Christ'southward by religion are Abraham's seed, and heirs according to promise. He is concerned, however, with the fact that the hope is not being fulfilled to the seed of Abraham (referring to the Jews)."[20]

Charles Hodge writes that "The subjective alter wrought in the soul by the grace of God, is variously designated in Scripture" with terms such as new nascence, resurrection, new life, new creation, renewing of the heed, dying to sin and living to righteousness, and translation from darkness to light.[21]

Jesus used the "nascency" illustration in tracing spiritual newness of life to a divine beginning. Contemporary Christian theologians have provided explanations for "built-in from above" beingness a more than accurate translation of the original Greek discussion transliterated anōthen. [22] Theologian Frank Stagg cites two reasons why the newer translation is significant:

  1. The emphasis "from above" (implying "from Sky") calls attention to the source of the "newness of life". Stagg writes that the word "again" does not include the source of the new kind of beginning;
  2. More than personal improvement is needed. "a new destiny requires a new origin, and the new origin must be from God."[23]

An early case of the term in its more modern employ appears in the sermons of John Wesley. In the sermon entitled A New Birth he writes, "none can exist holy unless he exist born again", and "except he be born again, none tin can be happy even in this world. For ... a man should not be happy who is not holy." Too, "I say, [a man] may be built-in again then become an heir of conservancy." Wesley likewise states infants who are baptized are born again, but for adults it is unlike:

our church supposes, that all who are baptized in their infancy, are at the same time born again. ... But ... information technology is sure all of riper years, who are baptized, are not at the same time built-in again.[24]

A Unitarian piece of work chosen The Gospel Anchor noted in the 1830s that the phrase was not mentioned by the other Evangelists, nor by the Apostles except Peter. "It was non regarded past whatsoever of the Evangelists only John of sufficient importance to record." It adds that without John, "nosotros should hardly have known that information technology was necessary for one to be born again." This suggests that "the text and context was meant to utilize to Nicodemus especially, and non to the earth."[25]

Historicity [edit]

Scholars of historical Jesus, that is, attempting to ascertain how closely the stories of Jesus match the historical events they are based on, generally treat Jesus's conversation with Nicodemus in John 3 with skepticism. It details what is presumably a private chat between Jesus and Nicodemus, with none of the disciples seemingly attending, making information technology unclear how a tape of this conversation was acquired. In addition, the chat is recorded in no other ancient Christian source other than John and works based on John.[26] According to Bart Ehrman, the larger issue is that the same problem English translations of the Bible have with the Greek ἄνωθεν (anōthen) is a trouble in the Aramaic linguistic communication as well: in that location is no single word in Aramaic that ways both "again" and "from above", nonetheless the conversation rests on Nicodemus making this misunderstanding.[27] As the conversation was betwixt 2 Jews in Jerusalem, where Aramaic was the native linguistic communication, in that location is no reason to think that they'd take spoken in Greek.[26] This implies that fifty-fifty if based on a real conversation, the author of John heavily modified it to include Greek wordplay and idiom.[26]

Denominational positions [edit]

The Oxford Handbook of Organized religion and American Politics notes: "The GSS ... has asked a built-in-again question on iii occasions ... 'Would you say you accept been 'born once more' or take had a 'born-again' feel?" The Handbook says that "Evangelical, blackness, and Latino Protestants tend to respond similarly, with nearly two-thirds of each group answering in the affirmative. In contrast, only most one 3rd of mainline Protestants and 1 sixth of Catholics (Anglo and Latino) claim a built-in-again experience." However, the handbook suggests that "born-again questions are poor measures fifty-fifty for capturing evangelical respondents. ... it is probable that people who study a built-in-once again feel as well claim it equally an identity."[28]

Catholicism [edit]

Historically, the classic text from John 3 was consistently interpreted past the early church building fathers as a reference to baptism.[29] Modern Cosmic interpreters have noted that the phrase 'born from above' or 'born again'[xxx] is clarified as 'being born of water and Spirit'.[31]

Cosmic commentator John F. McHugh notes, "Rebirth, and the commencement of this new life, are said to come well-nigh ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, of water and spirit. This phrase (without the article) refers to a rebirth which the early Church regarded as taking place through baptism."[32]

The Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC) notes that the essential elements of Christian initiation are: "proclamation of the Word, credence of the Gospel entailing conversion, profession of faith, Baptism itself, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and access to Eucharistic communion."[33] Baptism gives the person the grace of forgiveness for all prior sins; it makes the newly baptized person a new creature and an adopted son of God;[34] it incorporates them into the Body of Christ[35] and creates a sacramental bond of unity leaving an indelible marking on our souls.[36] "Incorporated into Christ by Baptism, the person baptized is configured to Christ. Baptism seals the Christian with the indelible spiritual mark (character) of his belonging to Christ. No sin tin can erase this mark, fifty-fifty if sin prevents Baptism from bearing the fruits of salvation. Given once for all, Baptism cannot be repeated."[37] The Holy Spirit is involved with each aspect of the movement of grace. "The first work of the grace of the Holy Spirit is conversion. ... Moved by grace, man turns toward God and away from sin, thus accepting forgiveness and righteousness from on high."[38]

The Catholic Church also teaches that under special circumstances the need for water baptism can be superseded by the Holy Spirit in a 'baptism of desire', such every bit when catechumens die or are martyred prior to receiving baptism.[39]

Pope John Paul II wrote in Catechesi Tradendae about "the problem of children baptized in infancy [who] come up for catechesis in the parish without receiving any other initiation into the religion and even so without any explicit personal zipper to Jesus Christ.".[xl] He noted that "beingness a Christian means saying 'yep' to Jesus Christ, only let us remember that this 'yes' has 2 levels: Information technology consists of surrendering to the word of God and relying on information technology, but it also means, at a later stage, endeavoring to know meliorate—and meliorate the profound significant of this word."[41]

The modernistic expression existence "born again" is really about the concept of "conversion".

The National Directory of Catechesis (published past the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, USCCB) defines conversion as, "the acceptance of a personal relationship with Christ, a sincere adherence to him, and a willingness to accommodate i'southward life to his."[42] To put it more than merely "Conversion to Christ involves making a genuine commitment to him and a personal determination to follow him equally his disciple."[42]

Echoing the writings of Pope John Paul II, the National Directory of Catechesis describes a new intervention required past our modern earth called the "New Evangelization". The New Evangelization is directed to the Church building herself, to the baptized who were never effectively evangelized before, to those who accept never made a personal commitment to Christ and the Gospel, to those formed by the values of the secular culture, to those who have lost a sense of faith, and to those who are alienated.[43]

Declan O'Sullivan, co-founder of the Catholic Men's Fellowship and knight of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, wrote that the "New Evangelization emphasizes the personal encounter with Jesus Christ as a pre-condition for spreading the gospel. The born-once more experience is non merely an emotional, mystical high; the actually of import matter is what happened in the convert's life afterward the moment or period of radical alter."[44]

Lutheranism [edit]

The Lutheran Church holds that "nosotros are cleansed of our sins and born once again and renewed in Holy Baptism past the Holy Ghost. But she also teaches that whoever is baptized must, through daily contrition and repentance, drown The Former Adam so that daily a new man come forth and ascend who walks before God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins later his baptism has again lost the grace of baptism."[45]

Moravianism [edit]

With regard to the New Birth, the Moravian Church building holds that a personal conversion to Christianity is a joyful feel, in which the individual "accepts Christ equally Lord" after which faith "daily grows inside the person."[46] For Moravians, "Christ lived as a man considering he wanted to provide a blueprint for hereafter generations" and "a converted person could attempt to live in his paradigm and daily get more similar Jesus."[46] As such, "heart religion" characterizes Moravian Christianity.[46] The Moravian Church has historically emphasized evangelism, especially missionary work, to spread the faith.[47]

Anglicanism [edit]

The phrase born once more is mentioned in the 39 Manufactures of the Anglican Church in article XV, entitled "Of Christ lonely without Sin". In role, it reads: "sin, as South. John saith, was not in Him. But all nosotros the rest, although baptized and born again in Christ, nevertheless offend in many things: and if we say we accept no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us."[48]

Although the phrase "baptized and built-in once more in Christ" occurs in Commodity 15, the reference is conspicuously to the scripture passage in John 3:3.[49]

Reformed [edit]

In Reformed theology, Holy Baptism is the sign and the seal of 1's regeneration, which is of comfort to the believer.[l] The time of one's regeneration, however, is a mystery to oneself according to the Canons of Dort.[50]

According to the Reformed churches existence born once more refers to "the inward working of the Spirit which induces the sinner to respond to the effectual call". According to the Westminster Shorter Catechism, Q 88, "the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to usa the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the word, sacraments, and prayer; all of which are made effectual to the elect for salvation."[51] Effectual calling is "the work of God'southward Spirit, whereby, convincing u.s. of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable united states of america to embrace Jesus Christ, freely offered to us in the gospel."[52] [53]

In Reformed theology, "regeneration precedes faith."[54] Samuel Storms writes that, "Calvinists insist that the sole cause of regeneration or being built-in again is the volition of God. God first sovereignly and efficaciously regenerates, and simply in consequence of that do we act. Therefore, the private is passive in regeneration, neither preparing himself nor making himself receptive to what God volition practice. Regeneration is a change wrought in us by God, not an autonomous act performed by united states for ourselves."[55]

Quakerism [edit]

The Primal Yearly Meeting of Friends, a Holiness Quaker denomination, teaches that regeneration is the "divine work of initial salvation (Tit. 3:5), or conversion, which involves the accompanying works of justification (Rom. 5:18) and adoption (Rom. 8:15, 16)."[3] In regeneration, which occurs in the New Nascence], there is a "transformation in the heart of the believer wherein he finds himself a new creation in Christ (II Cor. v:17; Col. one:27)."[3]

Post-obit the New Birth, George Trick taught the possibility of "holiness of centre and life through the instantaneous baptism with the Holy Spirit subsequent to the new nativity" (cf. Christian perfection).[56]

Methodism [edit]

In Methodism, the "new birth is necessary for salvation considering it marks the move toward holiness. That comes with faith."[i] John Wesley, held that the New Birth "is that swell modify which God works in the soul when he brings it into life, when he raises it from the death of sin to the life of righteousness."[58] [1] In the life of a Christian, the new birth is considered the get-go piece of work of grace.[59] In keeping with Wesleyan-Arminian covenant theology, the Articles of Religion, in Article XVII—Of Baptism, state that baptism is a "sign of regeneration or the new birth."[60] The Methodist Company in describing this doctrine, admonishes individuals: "'Ye must be born again.' Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for yous. Acknowledge Him to your eye. 'Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt exist saved.'"[61] [62] Methodist theology teaches that the New Birth contains two phases that occur together, justification and regeneration:[63]

Though these two phases of the new nativity occur simultaneously, they are, in fact, two separate and distinct acts. Justification is that gracious and judicial act of God whereby a soul is granted complete absolution from all guilt and a full release from the penalty of sin (Romans 3:23-25). This act of divine grace is wrought by faith in the claim of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (Romans five:1). Regeneration is the impartation of divine life which is manifested in that radical change in the moral character of man, from the love and life of sin to the dearest of God and the life of righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:17; 1 Peter 1:23). ―Principles of Organized religion, Emmanuel Clan of Churches[63]

Baptists [edit]

Baptists teach that a person is born again when they believe that Jesus died for their sin, and was cached, and rose again (1 Cor 15:3-four), and that past believing/trusting in Jesus' death, burial and resurrection, eternal life shall be granted as a souvenir by God (John three:14-16, Acts 10:43, Romans 6:23). Those who take been born once again, according to Baptist teaching, know that they are "a kid of God considering the Holy Spirit witnesses to them that they are" (cf. assurance).[64]

Pentecostalism [edit]

Pentecost past Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld. Woodcut for "Dice Bibel in Bildern", 1860.

Holiness Pentecostals historically teach the new birth (first work of grace), entire sanctification (2nd work of grace) and baptism with the Holy Spirit, as evidenced by glossolalia, as the third work of grace.[65] [66] The New Nascency, according to Pentecostal pedagogy, imparts "spiritual life".[four]

Jehovah'south Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah'south Witnesses believe that individuals do not have the power to cull to exist born again, only that God calls and selects his followers "from above".[67] Only those belonging to the "144,000" are considered to exist built-in again.[68] [69]

The Church building of Jesus Christ of Latter-twenty-four hours Saints [edit]

The Volume of Mormon emphasizes the need for anybody to exist reborn of God.[lxx]

Disagreements between denominations [edit]

The term "born again" is used by several Christian denominations, simply there are disagreements on what the term means, and whether members of other denominations are justified in claiming to be built-in-again Christians.

Catholic Answers says:

Catholics should ask [Evangelical] Protestants, "Are you born again—the fashion the Bible understands that concept?" If the Evangelical has non been properly water baptized, he has not been born again "the Bible style," regardless of what he may think.[71]

On the other mitt, an Evangelical site argues:

Some other of many examples is the Catholic who claims he also is "born again." ... However, what the committed Catholic means is that he received his spiritual nascency when he was baptized—either as an infant or when equally an developed he converted to Catholicism. That's not what Jesus meant when He told Nicodemus he "must be born once again."[72] The deliberate adoption of biblical terms which take different meanings for Catholics has become an effective tool in Rome's ecumenical agenda.[73]

The Reformed view of regeneration may exist set apart from other outlooks in at least two ways.

Beginning, classical Roman Catholicism teaches that regeneration occurs at baptism, a view known equally baptismal regeneration. Reformed theology has insisted that regeneration may accept place at any time in a person's life, fifty-fifty in the womb. It is not somehow the automated upshot of baptism. Second, information technology is common for many other evangelical branches of the church building to speak of repentance and religion leading to regeneration (i.e., people are born once again only after they exercise saving faith). Past contrast, Reformed theology teaches that original sin and total depravity deprive all people of the moral ability and will to exercise saving organized religion. ... Regeneration is entirely the work of God the Holy Spirit - nosotros can practise zip on our own to obtain it. God alone raises the elect from spiritual death to new life in Christ.[74] [75]

History and usage [edit]

Historically, Christianity has used various metaphors to depict its rite of initiation, that is, spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism by the power of the water and the spirit. This remains the common agreement in most of Christendom, held, for example, in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Lutheranism,[45] Anglicanism,[76] and in other celebrated branches of Protestantism. Still, erstwhile after the Reformation, Evangelicalism attributed greater significance to the expression born again [77] equally an experience of religious conversion,[78] symbolized by deep-water baptism, and rooted in a commitment to i's own personal faith in Jesus Christ for salvation. This same conventionalities is, historically, besides an integral part of Methodist doctrine,[79] [80] and is continued with the doctrine of Justification.[81]

According to Encyclopædia Britannica:

'Rebirth' has often been identified with a definite, temporally datable form of 'conversion'. ... With the voluntaristic type, rebirth is expressed in a new alignment of the will, in the liberation of new capabilities and powers that were hitherto undeveloped in the person concerned. With the intellectual type, it leads to an activation of the capabilities for understanding, to the breakthrough of a "vision". With others information technology leads to the discovery of an unexpected beauty in the guild of nature or to the discovery of the mysterious pregnant of history. With still others it leads to a new vision of the moral life and its orders, to a selfless realization of love of neighbour. ... each person affected perceives his life in Christ at any given time as "newness of life."[82]

According to J. Gordon Melton:

Born again is a phrase used past many Protestants to describe the phenomenon of gaining faith in Jesus Christ. Information technology is an experience when everything they have been taught equally Christians becomes real, and they develop a straight and personal relationship with God.[83]

Co-ordinate to Andrew Purves and Charles Partee:

Sometimes the phrase seems to be judgmental, making a distinction between genuine and nominal Christians. Sometimes ... descriptive, similar the distinction between liberal and conservative Christians. Occasionally, the phrase seems historic, like the division between Cosmic and Protestant Christians. ... [the term] commonly includes the notion of human being choice in conservancy and excludes a view of divine election past grace alone.[84]

The term born again has get widely associated with the evangelical Christian renewal since the belatedly 1960s, start in the United States and then around the world. Associated perchance initially with Jesus People and the Christian counterculture, born once more came to refer to a conversion feel, accepting Jesus Christ as lord and savior in order to be saved from hell and given eternal life with God in heaven, and was increasingly used every bit a term to identify devout believers.[12] By the mid-1970s, born once again Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media as office of the born again motion.

In 1976, Watergate conspirator Chuck Colson'south book Born Once more gained international find. Time magazine named him "1 of the 25 most influential Evangelicals in America."[85] The term was sufficiently prevalent so that during the year's presidential campaign, Democratic political party nominee Jimmy Carter described himself as "born again" in the first Playboy magazine interview of an American presidential candidate.

Colson describes his path to faith in conjunction with his criminal imprisonment and played a significant role in solidifying the "built-in again" identity as a cultural construct in the United states. He writes that his spiritual experience followed considerable struggle and hesitancy to accept a "personal meet with God." He recalls:

while I sat solitary staring at the body of water I love, words I had not been certain I could sympathize or say fell from my lips: "Lord Jesus, I believe in Yous. I accept You. Please come into my life. I commit it to Y'all." With these few words...came a sureness of listen that matched the depth of feeling in my center. There came something more than: strength and placidity, a wonderful new assurance about life, a fresh perception of myself in the world around me.[86]

Jimmy Carter was the first President of the United states of america to publicly declare that he was built-in-over again, in 1976.[87] By the 1980 campaign, all 3 major candidates stated that they had been born again.[88]

Sider and Knippers[89] state that "Ronald Reagan's election that autumn [was] aided by the votes of 61% of 'born-again' white Protestants."

The Gallup Organization reported that "In 2003, 42% of U.S. adults said they were born-again or evangelical; the 2004 percentage is 41%" and that, "Black Americans are far more than probable to identify themselves every bit born-over again or evangelical, with 63% of blacks maxim they are born-again, compared with 39% of white Americans. Republicans are far more likely to say they are born-again (52%) than Democrats (36%) or independents (32%)."[90]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, referring to several studies, reports "that 'built-in-again' identification is associated with lower support for government anti-poverty programs." Information technology too notes that "self-reported born-again" Christianity, "strongly shapes attitudes towards economic policy."[91]

Names which take been inspired by the term [edit]

The idea of "rebirth in Christ" has inspired[92] some common European forenames: French René/Renée, Dutch Renaat/Renate, Italian, Castilian, Portuguese and Croation Renato/Renata, Latin Renatus/Renata, all of which mean "reborn", "born again".[93]

Run into also [edit]

  • Altar call – Tradition in some Christian churches
  • Baptismal regeneration – Doctrines held by major Christian denomination
  • Born-over again virgin – Person who commits to abstinence after having had sexual intercourse
  • Child dedication – Act of consecration of children
  • Jesus move – Former evangelical Christian movement
  • Dvija – Twice-born condition of Hindu male person after Upanayana
  • Evangelism – Preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ
  • Monergism – View within Christian theology
  • Sinner's prayer – Evangelical Christian term referring to any prayer of repentance

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Joyner, F. Belton (2007). United Methodist Questions, United Methodist Answers: Exploring Christian Faith. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 39. ISBN9780664230395 . Retrieved 10 Apr 2014. The new nativity is necessary for salvation because it marks the move toward holiness. That comes with faith.
  2. ^ Cathcart, William (1883). The Baptist Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of the Doctrines, Ordinances ... of the General History of the Baptist Denomination in All Lands, with Numerous Biographical Sketches...& a Supplement. 50. H. Everts. p. 834.
  3. ^ a b c Transmission of Organized religion and Exercise of Cardinal Yearly Coming together of Friends. Cardinal Yearly Meeting of Friends. 2018. p. 26.
  4. ^ a b Wood, William W. (1965). Civilisation and Personality Aspects of the Pentecostal Holiness Religion. Mouton & Visitor. p. eighteen. ISBN978-3-xi-204424-7.
  5. ^ a b Bornstein, Erica (2005). The spirit of development: Protestant NGOs, morality, and economics in Zimbabwe. Stanford University Press. ISBN9780804753364 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. A senior staff member in World Vision's California function elaborated on the importance of being "built-in again," emphasizing a cardinal "relationship" between individuals and Jesus Christ: "...the importance of a personal relationship with Christ [is] that it's non merely a matter of going to Christ or being baptized when yous are an babe. We believe that people demand to exist regenerated. They need a spiritual rebirth. The need to be born again. ...Y'all must be built-in once more before y'all can run into, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven."
  6. ^ a b Lever, A. B. (2007). And God Said... ISBN9781604771152 . Retrieved xxx July 2011. From speaking to other Christians I know that the distinction of a born again believer is a personal experience of God that leads to a personal relationship with Him.
  7. ^ Cost, Robert M. (1993). Beyond Born Again: Toward Evangelical Maturity. Wildside Printing. ISBN9781434477484 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. I have a personal relationship with Jesus Christ.
  8. ^ John iii:iii-5
  9. ^ Danker, Frederick Westward., et al, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Attestation and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed (Chicago: University of Chicago,2010), 92. Specifically see the get-go (from above) and fourth (again, anew) meanings.
  10. ^ Jn three:3 Cyberspace
  11. ^ Jn three:3 NET
  12. ^ a b Mullen, MS., in Kurian, GT., The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization, J. Wiley & Sons, 2012, p. 302.
  13. ^ Jn i:v
  14. ^ cf. Jn i:12-13; 1Jn ii:29, 3:nine, 4:7, 5:eighteen
  15. ^ Hoskyns, Sir Edwyn C. and Davy, F.N.(ed), The Fourth Gospel, Faber & Faber second ed. 1947, pp. 211,212
  16. ^ 1Peter 1:22-23
  17. ^ a b Fisichella, SJ., Taking Abroad the Veil: To See Beyond the Curtain of Illusion, iUniverse, 2003, pp. 55-56.
  18. ^ Emmons, Samuel B. A Bible Lexicon. BiblioLife, 2008. ISBN 978-0-554-89108-eight.
  19. ^ 1Peter 1:23
  20. ^ Driscoll, James F. "Divine Promise (in Scripture)". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. xv Nov 2009.[1]
  21. ^ "Systematic Theology - Volume 3 - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". www.ccel.org . Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  22. ^ The New Testament Greek Lexicon. 30 July 2009.
  23. ^ Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. Adult female in the World of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978. ISBN 0-664-24195-6
  24. ^ Wesley, J., The works of the Reverend John Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Church building, 1831, pp. 405–406.
  25. ^ LeFevre, CF. and Williamson, ID., The Gospel anchor. Troy, NY, 1831–32, p. 66. [ii]
  26. ^ a b c Ehrman, Bart (2016). Jesus Before the Gospels: How the Earliest Christians Remembered, Inverse, and Invented Their Stories of the Savior. HarperOne. pp. 108–109. ISBN978-0062285201.
  27. ^ "Biblical Errancy: The "Born Once again" Dialogue In the Gospel of John". Biblical Errancy . Retrieved eleven September 2019.
  28. ^ The Oxford Handbook of Faith and American Politics, OUP, p16.
  29. ^ Joel C. Elworthy, Ed. Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture, New Testament IVa, John 1-10 (Downers Grove: Intervarsity Press, 2007), p. 109-110
  30. ^ John 3:3
  31. ^ John 3:5
  32. ^ John F. McHugh, John 1-4, The International Critical Commentary (New York: T&T Clark, 2009), p. 227
  33. ^ CCC 1229
  34. ^ two Corinthians five:17; ii Peter 1:4
  35. ^ Ephesians 4:25
  36. ^ CCC 1262-1274
  37. ^ CCC 1272
  38. ^ CCC 1989
  39. ^ CCC 1260
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  41. ^ CT 20
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  61. ^ The Methodist Company. Elliot Stock, 62, Paternoster Row, E.C. 1876. p. 137. Ye must be born again." Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for you. Admit Him to your center. "Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved.
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  80. ^ Smith, Charles Spencer; Payne, Daniel Alexander (1922). A History of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Johnson Reprint Corporation. Retrieved 19 October 2009. Whatever the Church may do, and in that location is much that it can and should exercise, for the betterment of man's physical beingness, its primal work is the regeneration of man'southward spiritual nature. Methodism has insisted on this equally the supreme terminate and aim of the Church building.
  81. ^ Southey, Robert; Southey, Charles Cuthbert (sixteen March 2010). The Life of Wesley: And the Rising and Progress of Methodism. Nabu Printing. p. 172. Retrieved 5 July 2011. Continued with his doctrine of the New Birth was that of Justification, which he affirmed to be inseparable from it, yet easily to exist distinguished, as beingness not the same, but of a widely dissimilar nature. In order of time, neither of these is before the other; in the moment we are justified by the grace of God, through the redemption that is in Jesus, nosotros are as well born of the Spirit; simply in order of thinking, as information technology is termed, Justification precedes the New Nascence.
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  87. ^ Hough, JF., Irresolute party coalitions, Algora Publishing, 2006, p. 203.
  88. ^ Utter, GH. and Tru, JL.,Conservative Christians and political participation: a reference handbook, ABC-CLIO, 2004, p. 137.
  89. ^ Sider, J. and Knippers, D. (eds), Toward an Evangelical Public Policy: Political Strategies for the Health of the Nation, Baker Books, 2005, p.51.
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  92. ^ Oxford Dictionary of Commencement Names
  93. ^ Chambers'south Twentieth Century Dictionary, W. & R. Chambers (1954) p.1355

External links [edit]

  • The New Birth, John Wesley, sermon No. 45. Wesley's educational activity on being built-in again, and argument that it is central to Christianity.

yoonneven1968.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_again

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